Achalasia Cardia
Rare disorder that makes it difficult for food and liquid to pass from the esophagus into your stomach.
It is due to inability of lower esophageal sphincter to relax.Achalasia can usually be managed with endoscopic therapy or laproscopic surgery Fewer than 1 million cases per year (India)
Symptoms
Dysphagia,regurgitation, chest pain, nocturnal cough and weight loss.
Achalasia can usually be managed with endoscopic therapy or laproscopic surgery
Fewer than 1 million cases per year (India)
Diagnosis:
- Barium swallow – it is done by giving a barium solution to swallow and after that xray is done to see esophagus which classically shows hold up of barium in esophagus.
- If endoscopy procedure is done under Local anaesthesia spray, patient can go home immediately and can drive vehicle also. Patient can eat after 20 mins once the effect of local anaesthesia wanes off.
- If patient is very apprehensive, sedation through intravenous cannula can be given so that patient sleeps during the procedure and is comfortable. If patient wants sedation then he or she should be accompanied with a relative and will not be able to drive vehicle while going back home.
Endoscopic Treatment
Pneumatic Dilatation – In this procedure endoscope in inserted in esophagus jag wire is passed in to stomach over which achalasia balloon is introduced and is inflated which leads to breaking of lower esophageal sphincter muscle fibres.
Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM)- In this procedure endoscope is inserted in esophagus an incision is made in mucosa and submucosal tunnel is created and muscle fibres of lower end esophageal sphincter are cut..
Surgery
Heller”s Myotomy in this procedure laproscopically, muscle of lower end of the esophageal sphincter is cut to allow food to pass easily in to the stomach.
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